Official definition · 官方定义
“Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is an economics term for the total value of all final economic goods and services produced in a country during a specific period of time.”[1]
— Corporate Finance Institute, CFI Resource Library · corporatefinanceinstitute.com ↗ · accessed 2026-10-25
GDP is the market value of everything a country produces in a period: goods, services, and investment. Economists use it to measure the size of an economy and how fast it is growing.
GDP 是一国在一年（或一季度）内生产的所有最终商品与服务的市场价值。它是衡量经济总量和增长速度最常用的尺子。
Almost every macro headline is a comparison against GDP: the deficit is 6% of GDP, debt is 120% of GDP, growth was 2.4% annualised. The ratio is the point — a deficit of $1tn means very different things in an economy of $8tn and one of $28tn. GDP is also a flawed measure: it counts output, not welfare, and ignores unpaid work. Read it as a scale, not a scorecard.
宏观新闻几乎都拿 GDP 当分母：赤字占 GDP 的 6%、债务占 GDP 的 120%、增长年化 2.4%。比值才是重点——同样是 1 万亿美元赤字，在 8 万亿的经济体里是灾难，在 28 万亿的经济体里只是背景噪音。
它也是有缺陷的尺子：只算产出，不算福利，也不计无偿家务。把它当分母用就好，别当成幸福指数。
GDP grew 3%
Real GDP grew 3% after inflation. Nominal growth of 6% with 3% inflation is the same thing.
GDP is the economy
It measures output produced inside the border, not income earned by residents (that is GNI).
Annualised 2.4%
A quarterly rate compounded four times, not the change over twelve months.
· grow 2.4% annualised
· as a share of GDP
· GDP per capita
· revise first-quarter GDP up
grow 2.4% annualised 指按年率增长 2.4%；as a share of GDP 是「占 GDP 的比重」；GDP per capita 是人均 GDP；revise first-quarter GDP up 指统计部门上修一季度数据。
· GDP vs GNP (border vs residency)
· real vs nominal (inflation-adjusted or not)
GDP 按「国境」算，GNP 按「居民」算；real 剔除通胀，nominal 不剔，读数字前先确认是哪一个。
GDP rose/fell X% in the quarter, against expectations of Y%.
报 GDP 的标准句式：本季环比折年增长 X%，市场原本预期 Y%——后半句才是股价反应的原因。